Aug 13th, 2022 - To investigate the relationship between systemic exposure to Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) and its metabolite Desethylhydroxychloroquine (DHCQ) and clinical outcome in severely ill patients treated with a standard oral dose regimen of HCQ during the first wave of COVID-19 in New York City. We correlated retrospective clinical data with drug exposure prospectively assessed from convenience samples us...

Aug 12th, 2022 - The COVID-19 pandemic has caused substantial losses worldwide in people's lives, health, and property. Currently, COVID-19 is still prominent worldwide without any specific drug treatment. The SARS-CoV-2 pathogen is the cause of various systemic diseases, mainly acute pneumonia. Within the pathological process, neutrophils are recruited to infected sites, especially in the lungs, for the first ...

Aug 11th, 2022 - The COVID-19 pandemic has stimulated growing research on treatment options. We aim to provide an overview of the characteristics of studies evaluating COVID-19 treatment. Rapid scoping review DATA SOURCES: Medline, Embase and biorxiv/medrxiv from inception to 15 May 2021. Hospital and community care. COVID-19 patients of all ages. COVID-19 treatment. The literature search identified 616 relevan...

Aug 9th, 2022 - Two randomized controlled trials demonstrated no clinical benefit of hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) for either post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) or early treatment of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Using data from these studies, we calculated time-weighted average change from baseline SARS-CoV-2 viral load and demonstrated that HCQ did not affect viral clearance. This article is protected by copyright. All righ...

Aug 9th, 2022 - To assess the effect of hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) and Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate/Emtricitabine (TDF/FTC) as pre-exposure prophylaxis on COVID-19 risk. EPICOS is a double-blind, placebo-controlled randomized trial conducted in Spain, Bolivia, and Venezuela. Healthcare workers with negative SARS-CoV-2 IgM/IgG test were randomly assigned to: daily TDF/FTC plus HCQ for 12 weeks, TDF/FTC plus HCQ ...

Aug 7th, 2022 - The Randomised Evaluation of COVID-19 Therapy (RECOVERY) trial is aimed at addressing the urgent need to find effective treatments for patients hospitalised with suspected or confirmed COVID-19. The trial has had many successes, including discovering that dexamethasone is effective at reducing COVID-19 mortality, the first treatment to reach this milestone in a randomised controlled trial. Desp...

Aug 6th, 2022 - Emergency Use Authorization (EUA) allows the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to expedite the availability of therapeutics in the context of a public health emergency. To date, an evidentiary standard for clinical efficacy to support an EUA has not yet been established. This review examines the clinical data submitted in support of EUA for anti-viral and anti-inflammatory therapeutics fo...

Aug 6th, 2022 - Inhaled antimicrobials enable high local concentrations where needed and, compared to orally administration, greatly reduce the potential for systemic side effects. In SARS-CoV-2 infections, hydroxychloroquine sulphate (HCQ) administered as dry powder via inhalation could be safer than oral HCQ allowing higher and therefore more effective pulmonary concentrations without dose limiting toxic eff...

Aug 4th, 2022 - Practice Essentials Kikuchi disease, also called histiocytic necrotizing lymphadenitis or Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease, is a rare, idiopathic, generally self-limited cause of lymphadenitis. [1] Kikuchi first described the disease in 1972 in Japan. Fujimoto and colleagues independently described Kikuchi disease in the same year. [2] The cause of Kikuchi disease is unknown, although infectious and au...

Aug 4th, 2022 - Practice Essentials Kikuchi disease, also called histiocytic necrotizing lymphadenitis or Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease, is a rare, idiopathic, generally self-limited cause of lymphadenitis.[1] Kikuchi first described the disease in 1972 in Japan. Fujimoto and colleagues independently described Kikuchi disease in the same year.[2] The cause of Kikuchi disease is unknown, although infectious and auto...

Aug 4th, 2022 - Practice Essentials Kikuchi disease, also called histiocytic necrotizing lymphadenitis or Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease, is a rare, idiopathic, generally self-limited cause of lymphadenitis. [1] Kikuchi first described the disease in 1972 in Japan. Fujimoto and colleagues independently described Kikuchi disease in the same year. [2] The cause of Kikuchi disease is unknown, although infectious and au...

Jul 30th, 2022 - Conflicting data exist regarding whether patients with systemic rheumatic disease (SRD) experience more severe outcomes related to COVID-19. Using data from adult patients hospitalized with COVID-19 in New York City during the first wave of the pandemic, we evaluated whether patients with SRD were at an increased risk for severe outcomes. We conducted a medical records review study including pa...

Jul 26th, 2022 - There is increasing amount of evidence indicating the close interplays between the replication cycle of SARS-CoV-2 and the autophagy-lysosome pathway in the host cells. While autophagy machinery is known to either assist or inhibit the viral replication process, the reciprocal effects of the SARS-CoV-2 on the autophagy-lysosome pathway have also been increasingly appreciated. More importantly, ...

Jul 24th, 2022 - We studied COVID-19 vaccination-related adverse events (ADEs) 7-days post-vaccination in patients with idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIMs) and other systemic autoimmune and inflammatory disorders (SAIDs). 7-day vaccine ADEs were collected in an international patient self-reported e-survey. Descriptive statistics and multivariable regression were performed. 10,900 respondents [1227 IIMs; 4...

Jul 21st, 2022 - Electronic health record (EHR) databases provide an opportunity to facilitate characterization and trends in patients with COVID-19. Patients with COVID-19 were identified based on an ICD-10 diagnosis code for COVID-19 (U07.1) and/or a positive SARS-CoV-2 viral lab result from January 2020 to November 2020. Patients were characterized in terms of demographics, healthcare utilization, clinical c...

Jul 7th, 2022 - Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) are life-threatening mucocutaneous reactions characterized by necrosis and detachment of the epidermis. Drugs and bacterial or viral infections are the most common causes of SJS/TEN. Although cases of SJS/TEN have been reported after hydroxychloroquine, vaccine (mRNA [Biontech], and inactivated vaccine [Sinovac]) administration...

Jul 6th, 2022 - To investigate the efficacy and safety of ivermectin compared to hydroxychloroquine and placebo in hospitalized moderate to severe COVID-19 patients. The study was an adaptive, randomized, double-blinded, controlled, single-center trial. The study was a series of 3-arm comparisons between two different investigational therapeutic agents (ivermectin and hydroxychloroquine) and a placebo. There w...

Jul 2nd, 2022 - Understanding public discourse on emergency use of unproven therapeutics is essential to monitor safe use and combat misinformation. We developed a natural language processing (NLP)-based pipeline to understand public perceptions of and stances on COVID-19-related drugs on Twitter across time. This retrospective study included 609,189 US-based tweets between January 29th, 2020 and November 30th...

Jun 30th, 2022 - To compare the patient profile and outcomes in Qatar during the first and second waves of the COVID-19 pandemic. A retrospective observational study was conducted comparing the demographic, clinical and laboratory characteristics of patients with COVID-19 infection admitted to a secondary care hospital, during the first and second waves of the pandemic. 1039 patients from the first wave and 991...

Jun 28th, 2022 - Hydroxychloroquine should be initiated with caution in older patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) who also have heart failure or are at risk for it, say the authors of a study suggesting that the drug could increase their risk for major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) compared with methotrexate. A cohort study published online June 27 in the Journal of the American College of Cardiology...