May 27th, 2022 - Objectives The purpose of this protocol is to improve understanding of the pathophysiology of movement disorders by performing small behavioral, electrophysiological and neuroimaging sub-studies. This will allow identifying dysfunction of the central nervous system that causes behavioral abnormalities seen in movement disorder patients. This will also help to determine potential diagnostic or t...

May 27th, 2022 - Objective: The development of a patient registry for Down syndrome (DS) was identified as a priority in the 2007 Down Syndrome Research Plan. Under the auspices of the Down Syndrome Consortium, founded in 2011 as a public-private partnership between the NIH and DS advocacy organizations, NICHD awarded a contract in 2012 to create a patient-focused online registry to facilitate research particip...

May 27th, 2022 - Painful vasoocclusive crisis (VOC) is the most frequent acute clinical manifestation of sickle cell disease (SCD), frequently necessitating emergency department visits and/or hospitalization. Approximately 10-30% of patients admitted to the hospital with a VOC will go on to develop acute chest syndrome (ACS), a complication of SCD resulting in significant morbidity and mortality. While ACS rela...

May 27th, 2022 - This is a phase 3, multicenter, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, parallel-group study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of CSL112 on reducing the risk of major adverse CV events [MACE - cardiovascular (CV) death, myocardial infarction (MI), and stroke] in subjects with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) diagnosed with either ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) or non-ST...

May 27th, 2022 - The NIH provides a unique opportunity for research scientists to participate in the bench-to-bedside process, which is essential for the full implementation of translational medicine programs. The study of rare monogenetic and undiagnosed diseases is a complex bedside-to-bench-to-bedside endeavor. Recent studies show that rare genetic variants are more likely than common variants to have delete...

May 27th, 2022 - Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is characterized by problematic drinking that becomes severe. The prevalence of insomnia in individuals with alcohol dependence is estimated to be between 36-91% and after two weeks of alcohol detoxification, as many as 65% of these individuals still experience "sleep problems." Cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) is an efficacious non-pharmacological tr...

May 27th, 2022 - Objective: Despite recent advances in addiction neuroscience, achieving a breakthrough in predicting addiction treatment outcome has been difficult and long-term abstinence success unacceptably low. The aim of this study is to create a biomarker using various neuroimaging metrics that can predict treatment outcome in opioid, alcohol and dual opioid and alcohol use disorder patients. Study Popul...

May 27th, 2022 - Computed Tomography (CT) images the body. Different methods of creating CT pictures are avilable on a research basis that enables higher resolution imaging using the same aquisition. The purpose of this research study is to learn wheteher these new high resolution images derived from the original CT scan provide similar or perhaps more information than the current standard clinical method.

May 27th, 2022 - Background: We identify healing in the context of chronic or life-threatening illness as a patient-reported outcome consisting of growth or benefit in psychological, social and/or spiritual dimensions representing improvement well above the patient s pre-morbidity baseline. This positive outcome often occurs despite substantial suffering during the illness, even in terminal cases. Current liter...

May 27th, 2022 - Williams syndrome (WS) is a multisystem developmental disorder caused by deletion of 26-28 genes, including the elastin gene, located on chromosome 7q11.23. Cardiovascular disease in WS, including obstructive vascular disease and hypertension, and relatively mild skin changes are caused by the elastin gene deletion. Even though all WS subjects are missing one copy of this gene, the expression o...

May 27th, 2022 - Specific Aims: Anxiety disorders impact up to one-third of children, cause tremendous suffering, increase risk for psychiatric and medical morbidity, impair school and social functioning, and cost billions of dollars each year. Data consistently show that child anxiety is characterized by amygdala hyperactivity and deficits in prefrontal control of the amygdala. Emerging data link these disrupt...

May 27th, 2022 - Objective: The primary objective is to explore the clinical and biological phenotypes of post-infectious myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (PI-ME/CFS). The secondary objective is to explore the pathophysiology of fatigue and post-exertional malaise (PEM). Study population: Up to 206 persons will be enrolled as part of this protocol. Up to 150 persons aged 18-60 will be part of ...

May 27th, 2022 - Background: Chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD) is the leading cause of non-relapse morbidity and mortality in persons after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (SCT). Bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome (BOS) is a complication of cGVHD associated with a high morbidity and mortality, and treatment options are limited. Neutrophil elastase (NE) is a protease released by neutrop...

May 27th, 2022 - Biosynthesis of proteins is essential for growth and continued maintenance of the entire neuron including axons, dendrites, and synaptic terminals, and it is clearly one of the important biochemical processes underlying adaptive changes in the nervous system. Studies in experimental animals with the quantitative autoradiographic L-[1-(14)C]leucine method have demonstrated a number of the physio...

May 27th, 2022 - The proposed study aims to test the effect of the degree of perceived uncertainty on coping efficacy among parents of children with undiagnosed medical conditions. There are many dimensions to uncertainty when there is no identified cause for a condition that affects one s child. They include illness identity, management, longevity and life planning, the meaning of the child s condition for the...

May 27th, 2022 - Combination antiretroviral therapy (ART) has dramatically improved survival in individuals with human immunodeficiency virus type1 (HIV-1) infection. Despite recent development of more potent regimens with fewer toxicities and lower pill burden, there remains a subpopulation of subjects who fail to achieve and maintain viral suppression while on treatment. Factors known to contribute to virolog...

May 27th, 2022 - Background: Phototoxicity is a sunburn-like response associated with certain medications and is a phenomenon which is not completely understood. Although clinically similar to a typical sunburn reaction, the gene expression changes in phototoxic skin reactions may differ from those in typical sunburn. Doxycycline is a relatively well-tolerated and known phototoxic antimicrobial which can be use...

May 27th, 2022 - The aim of this protocol is to allow genetic-related evaluations for patients with a variety of known or suspected genetic disorders, supplement and offer an additional opportunity for training in clinical genetics, dysmorphology and metabolic genetics in the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) and other Institutes of the National Institutes of Health (NIH). If not ...

May 27th, 2022 - Patients admitted on this protocol will have, or be suspected of having, a Leishmania infection. The major objectives of the protocol are to diagnose and classify the Leishmania infection and to provide species-based therapy to study the natural history of the treated infection. As part of the standard evaluation of these patients, infecting parasite isolates will be obtained when possible and ...

May 27th, 2022 - Chronic Exertional Compartment Syndrome (CECS) in the lower leg is a debilitating condition in highly active individuals. Pain occurs in 1 or several leg compartments upon an exertional activity, typically running, that quickly dissipates once the activity stopped. Surgical fasciotomy is the standard for treating lower leg CECS, but success is variable. Complications may occur post-surgery and ...