Jan 30th, 2023 - Supervised moderate and vigorous aerobic activity helped stave off type 2 diabetes in at-risk individuals with central obesity and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, according to 10-year follow-up of a randomized trial from China. Compared with adults who did not exercise, the risk of diabetes was reduced by 49% in the vigorous exercise group (relative risk [RR] 0.51, 95% CI 0.27-0.94, P=0.01) a...

Jan 26th, 2023 - More than half of at-risk patients screened for diabetes at an urban emergency department (ED) were identified as having an abnormal HbA1c during a pilot program, researchers reported. The program was designed to flag the electronic health records (EHRs) of patients at risk for type 2 diabetes with a "best practice alert." During the 3-month study period, alerts were triggered for about 30% of ...

Jan 24th, 2023 - Older people with type 2 diabetes faced a higher burden of cancer mortality in recent years, according to a U.K. study. In a cohort of over 137,000 individuals with type 2 diabetes, all-cause mortality rates dropped among all age groups from 1998-2018, reported Suping Ling, PhD, of the University of Leicester in England, and colleagues. However, this was juxtaposed by an increase in cancer-rela...

Jan 24th, 2023 - The FDA is reviewing a potential new indication for empagliflozin (Jardiance) for risk reduction of kidney disease progression and cardiovascular death in adults with chronic kidney disease (CKD) based on the EMPA-KIDNEY phase III trial, Boehringer Ingelheim and Eli Lilly announced. Why did NYU Langone Health abruptly withdraw from a study testing the bacillus Calmette-Guerin vaccine for adoles...

Jan 23rd, 2023 - The first oral SGLT2 inhibitor approved by the FDA for treating diabetes in cats is now approved for humans with the disease, drugmaker TheracosBio announced. As an adjunct to diet and exercise, the oral treatment is indicated for adults with type 2 diabetes, and is not recommended for those with type 1 diabetes or for patients in diabetic ketoacidosis, according to the company. Of note, the on...

Jan 18th, 2023 - Use of gender-affirming hormones (GAH) in transgender and nonbinary youth helped improve psychosocial functioning in a four-site prospective, observational study. In the study of 315 participants in the U.S., taking GAH was linked with a 0.48-point annual increase (on a 5-point scale) in scores for appearance congruence -- defined as alignment between gender identity and physical appearance -- ...

Jan 17th, 2023 - Greater daily exposure to nitrites in food and water may increase the risk for type 2 diabetes, French researchers reported. Compared with those in the lowest tertile of total nitrite exposure (mean 3.3 mg/day), those exposed to the most nitrites -- a mean 8.6 mg/day -- had a 27% greater risk for type 2 diabetes (HR 1.27, 95% CI 1.04-1.54, P=0.009 for trend), according to Bernard Srour, PhD, Ph...

Jan 17th, 2023 - Oral semaglutide (Rybelsus) received an expanded label to include first-line treatment for adults with type 2 diabetes as an adjunct to diet and exercise, Novo Nordisk announced. The Obesity Society and Obesity Action Coalition lent support to the American Academy of Pediatrics' new childhood obesity guidelines in a statement, emphasizing that pediatric obesity is a disease and that early inter...

Jan 11th, 2023 - Even patients with type 2 diabetes can benefit from using a fully closed-loop insulin delivery system, also known as an artificial pancreas, according to an open-label crossover trial. In the randomized trial of 28 adults, patients spent a greater average proportion of time in target glucose range -- 70 to 180 mg/dL (3.9 to 10.0 mmol/L) -- while on the closed-loop system compared with a control...

Jan 11th, 2023 - Undergoing bariatric surgery for severe obesity was linked to a decreased incidence of esophageal and gastric cancer and overall in-hospital mortality, a French cohort study showed. Among mostly women, the incidence rates of these cancers were 4.9 per 100,000 population per year for the group who underwent bariatric surgery versus 6.9 per 100,000 population per year for those who did not underg...

Jan 10th, 2023 - Among pregnant women with type 1 diabetes, using insulin degludec was noninferior to insulin detemir for glucose control and safety. (The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology) Even the lowest dose (3 mg/kg) of the investigational thyroid eye disease drug VRDN-001 significantly reduced proptosis in 67% of patients in an ongoing phase I/II trial, said developer Viridian Therapeutics. A school-based ga...

Jan 4th, 2023 - In a shift from previous recommendations, the American College of Physicians (ACP) now recommends that clinicians only use bisphosphonates (alendronate, ibandronate, risedronate, zoledronate) for initial pharmacologic treatment to reduce the risk for fractures in postmenopausal women and men diagnosed with primary osteoporosis, according to an updated guideline published in the Annals of Intern...

Jan 3rd, 2023 - Use bisphosphonates for the initial pharmacologic treatment of primary osteoporosis in men and postmenopausal women, the American College of Physicians recommended in its updated guidelines. (Annals of Internal Medicine) Detection of elevated uric acid levels prior to 24 weeks gestation was linked with a higher risk of gestational diabetes development, an observational study found. (Journal of ...

Dec 30th, 2022 - Note that some links may require subscriptions. Please also note that Morning Break will be taking its own break on Monday. Look for it again on Tuesday, January 3. The CDC warned that the prevalence of type 2 diabetes in young people could increase by nearly 700% by 2060 and type 1 diabetes by 65%. (The Hill) A Congressional investigation said the FDA approval process for aducanumab (Aduhelm) ...

Dec 28th, 2022 - In May, MedPage Today reported on the FDA approval of the first-in-class tirzepatide (Mounjaro) for type 2 diabetes. In this report, we follow up on what's happened since this approval and what's next. The FDA green-lit tirzepatide (Mounjaro), a once-weekly injectable glucagon-like peptide-1 and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GLP-1/GIP) agonist, in three dose levels (5 mg, 10 mg,...

Dec 27th, 2022 - The Endocrine Society released new guidelines for treating hypercalcemia of malignancy in adults. (The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism) Childhood cancer survivors -- especially females -- may carry an increased risk for fractures. (The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology) The American Thyroid Association, along with the European Thyroid Association, released a new consensus statement...

Dec 20th, 2022 - The FDA added Eli Lilly's tirzepatide (Mounjaro) and dulaglutide (Trulicity) to its shortage list this week. (Reuters) The decision to go ahead with bariatric surgery was closely tied with patient satisfaction in their patient-physician relationship, regardless of race and ethnicity. (JAMA Network Open) The FDA approved a new indication for the parathyroid hormone-related peptide analog abalopa...

Dec 19th, 2022 - Among people with type 2 diabetes, use of metformin might help to stave off total joint replacement, a population-based cohort study showed. Among over 40,000 patients, daily metformin was associated with a 30% lower risk for total knee and hip replacement compared with no metformin (adjusted HR 0.70, 95% CI 0.60-0.81) over a median follow-up of 54 months, reported Changhai Ding, MD, PhD, of So...

Dec 16th, 2022 - Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) had no effect on weight loss, body composition, or metabolic markers in obese individuals who underwent bariatric surgery, said authors of a small clinical trial. In 41 adults with severe obesity, total weight loss at 12 months post-surgery was not significantly different in those who received FMT beforehand compared with those who received a placebo trans...

Dec 15th, 2022 - Among kids with type 2 diabetes (T2D), obesity was common but far from universal in a look at the condition worldwide. In fact, only 75% of pediatric cases were found to also have obesity, with a rate of 77% at the time of diagnosis, according to a systematic review and meta-analysis of nearly 9,000 kids with T2D published in JAMA Network Open. Although only 4.2% of children with type 2 diabete...