May 7th, 2022 - Overview Bradycardia (brad-e-KAHR-dee-uh) is a slow heart rate. The hearts of adults at rest usually beat between 60 and 100 times a minute. If you have bradycardia, your heart beats fewer than 60 times a minute. Bradycardia can be a serious problem if the heart rate is very slow and the heart can't pump enough oxygen-rich blood to the body. If this happens, you may feel dizzy, very tired or we...

May 6th, 2022 - Overview Cerebral cavernous malformation Open pop-up dialog box Close Cerebral cavernous malformation Cerebral cavernous malformation A cerebral cavernous malformation is an abnormally formed blood vessel, shaped like a small mulberry, which can form in the brain or spinal cord and may result in a wide range of neurological symptoms. Cerebral cavernous malformations (CCMs) are groups of tightly...

May 6th, 2022 - Diagnosis Neurology consultation A Mayo Clinic neurologist converses with a woman about her diagnosis. Often, people with cerebral cavernous malformations (CCMs) don't show any signs or symptoms. Your diagnosis may result from brain imaging for other neurological conditions. In some cases, specific symptoms may prompt your health care provider to pursue more extensive testing. Tests Depending o...

May 6th, 2022 - Overview Diabetic hypoglycemia occurs when someone with diabetes doesn't have enough sugar (glucose) in his or her blood. Glucose is the main source of fuel for the body and brain, so you can't function well if you don't have enough. For many people, low blood sugar (hypoglycemia) is a blood sugar level below 70 milligrams per deciliter (mg/dL), or 3.9 millimoles per liter (mmol/L). But your nu...

May 5th, 2022 - Diagnosis Brugada syndrome usually is diagnosed in adults and, sometimes, in adolescents. It's rarely diagnosed in young children because the symptoms are often unnoticed. To diagnose Brugada syndrome, a health care provider will perform a physical exam and listen to the heart with a stethoscope. Tests are done to check the heartbeat and diagnose or confirm Brugada syndrome. Electrocardiogram (...

May 5th, 2022 - Diagnosis Several tests and procedures are used to determine whether you have H. pylori infection. Testing is important for detection of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori). Repeat testing after treatment is important to be sure H. pylori is gone. Tests may be done using a stool sample, through a breath test and by an upper endoscopy exam. Stool tests Stool antigen test. This is the most common sto...

May 5th, 2022 - Diagnosis If you or your child doesn't have signs or symptoms of heart trouble, the doctor might suspect a problem only after hearing abnormal heart sounds during a routine physical exam. Abnormal heart sounds, such as a heart murmur, aren't usually cause for concern. However, your doctor or your child's doctor will likely refer you to a doctor who specializes in treating heart conditions (card...

May 5th, 2022 - Marfan syndrome care at Mayo Clinic Marfan syndrome: The importance of diagnosis and treatment Your Mayo Clinic care team The Marfan Syndrome and Thoracic Aorta Clinic at Mayo Clinic's campus in Minnesota offers an experienced, integrated team of specialists that provide care for people of all ages with Marfan syndrome. There is a care team for children and another for adults. Experienced staff...

May 5th, 2022 - Overview A hip fracture is a serious injury, with complications that can be life-threatening. The risk of hip fracture rises with age. Risk increases because bones tend to weaken with age (osteoporosis). Multiple medications, poor vision and balance problems also make older people more likely to fall — one of the most common causes of hip fracture. A hip fracture almost always requires surgical...

May 4th, 2022 - Overview Dilated cardiomyopathy Open pop-up dialog box Close Dilated cardiomyopathy Dilated cardiomyopathy Dilated cardiomyopathy causes the chambers of the heart to grow larger. Untreated, dilated cardiomyopathy can lead to heart failure. Dilated cardiomyopathy is a type of heart muscle disease that causes the heart chambers (ventricles) to thin and stretch, growing larger. It typically starts...

May 4th, 2022 - Overview Tinea versicolor Open pop-up dialog box Close Tinea versicolor Tinea versicolor The overgrowth of fungus that causes tinea versicolor interferes with the normal pigment production of the skin. This creates an uneven skin pigment. Tinea versicolor is a common fungal infection of the skin. The fungus interferes with the normal pigmentation of the skin, resulting in small, discolored patc...

May 4th, 2022 - Diagnosis Diagnosing essential tremor involves reviewing your medical history, family history and symptoms and conducting a physical examination. There are no medical tests to diagnose essential tremor. Diagnosing it is often a matter of ruling out other conditions that could be causing your symptoms. To do this, your health care provider may suggest the following tests: Neurological examinatio...

May 4th, 2022 - Overview Essential tremor is a nervous system (neurological) disorder that causes involuntary and rhythmic shaking. It can affect almost any part of your body, but the trembling occurs most often in your hands — especially when you do simple tasks, such as drinking from a glass or tying shoelaces. Essential tremor is usually not a dangerous condition, but it typically worsens over time and can ...

May 3rd, 2022 - Diagnosis Diagnosing Rett syndrome involves careful observation of your child's growth and development and answering questions about medical and family history. The diagnosis is usually considered when slowing of head growth is noticed or loss of skills or developmental milestones occurs. For a diagnosis of Rett syndrome, other conditions with similar symptoms must be ruled out. Evaluating othe...

May 3rd, 2022 - Diagnosis If you have unusual urges to urinate, your health care provider will check to make sure that you don't have an infection or blood in your urine. Your provider may also want to make sure that you're emptying your bladder completely when you urinate. Your provider will look for clues that might also indicate contributing factors. Your appointment will likely include a: Medical history P...

May 3rd, 2022 - Vascular rings Normal heart and heart with vascular ring Open pop-up dialog box Close Normal heart and heart with vascular ring Normal heart and heart with vascular ring A vascular ring is a malformation of the aortic arch anatomy, where vessels partly or completely encircle the trachea and esophagus. A normal heart with a normal aortic arch is shown on the left. An example of a vascular ring —...

May 3rd, 2022 - Overview Teen depression is a serious mental health problem that causes a persistent feeling of sadness and loss of interest in activities. It affects how your teenager thinks, feels and behaves, and it can cause emotional, functional and physical problems. Although depression can occur at any time in life, symptoms may be different between teens and adults. Issues such as peer pressure, academ...

May 3rd, 2022 - Overactive bladder care at Mayo Clinic Your Mayo Clinic care team Mayo Clinic has doctors who specialize in overactive bladder; they have extra training in bladder and urinary function and, in many cases, see only people with overactive bladder. As a result, they have extensive expertise in treating overactive bladder, including fixing failed treatments done elsewhere. Advanced diagnosis and tr...

May 3rd, 2022 - Overview Rett syndrome is a rare genetic neurological and developmental disorder that affects the way the brain develops. This disorder causes a progressive loss of motor skills and language. Rett syndrome primarily affects females. Most babies with Rett syndrome seem to develop as expected for the first six months of life. These babies then lose skills they previously had — such as the ability...

May 3rd, 2022 - Double-outlet right ventricle Double-outlet right ventricle Open pop-up dialog box Close Double-outlet right ventricle Double-outlet right ventricle In double-outlet right ventricle, the aorta and pulmonary artery connect partially or completely to the right ventricle. A hole also exists between the two ventricles (ventricular septal defect). In a normal heart, as shown on the left, the pulmona...