Oct 20th, 2021 - Overview Bradycardia (brad-e-KAHR-dee-uh) is a slower than normal heart rate. The hearts of adults at rest usually beat between 60 and 100 times a minute. If you have bradycardia, your heart beats fewer than 60 times a minute. Bradycardia can be a serious problem if the heart rate is very slow and the heart can't pump enough oxygen-rich blood to the body. If this happens, you may feel dizzy, ve...

Oct 19th, 2021 - Diagnosis Kidney biopsy Open pop-up dialog box Close Kidney biopsy Kidney biopsy During a kidney biopsy, your doctor uses a needle to remove a small sample of kidney tissue for lab testing. The biopsy needle is inserted through your skin and is often directed using the guidance of an imaging device, such as an ultrasound transducer. Diabetic nephropathy is usually diagnosed during routine testi...

Oct 16th, 2021 - Diagnosis Your health care provider might do a variety of tests: Pelvic exam. Your health care provider might check to see if your cervix has begun to dilate. Ultrasound. During an ultrasound, your health care provider will check for a fetal heartbeat and determine if the embryo is developing as it should be. If a diagnosis can't be made, you might need to have another ultrasound in about a wee...

Oct 16th, 2021 - Overview Miscarriage is the spontaneous loss of a pregnancy before the 20th week. About 10 to 20 percent of known pregnancies end in miscarriage. But the actual number is likely higher because many miscarriages occur very early in pregnancy — before you might even know about a pregnancy. The term "miscarriage" might suggest that something went wrong in the carrying of the pregnancy. But this is...

Oct 16th, 2021 - Diagnosis Diagnosing breast cancer Core needle biopsy Open pop-up dialog box Close Core needle biopsy Core needle biopsy A core needle biopsy uses a long, hollow tube to obtain a sample of tissue. Here, a biopsy of a suspicious breast lump is being done. The sample is sent to a laboratory for testing and evaluation by doctors who specialize in analyzing blood and body tissue (pathologists). Bre...

Oct 16th, 2021 - Overview Enlarged breasts in men (gynecomastia) Open pop-up dialog box Close Enlarged breasts in men (gynecomastia) Enlarged breasts in men (gynecomastia) With gynecomastia, tissue inside the breast glands grows. This can cause female-appearing breasts. Gynecomastia (guy-nuh-koh-MAS-tee-uh) is an increase in the amount of breast gland tissue in boys or men, caused by an imbalance of the hormone...

Oct 16th, 2021 - Overview The term "shin splints" refers to pain along the shin bone (tibia) — the large bone in the front of your lower leg. Shin splints are common in runners, dancers and military recruits. Medically known as medial tibial stress syndrome, shin splints often occur in athletes who have recently intensified or changed their training routines. The increased activity overworks the muscles, tendon...

Oct 16th, 2021 - Diagnosis A diagnosis of gynecomastia is based on a review of your symptoms and a medical exam that includes a careful evaluation of your breast tissue, abdomen and genitals. Tests Your doctor will likely order tests to identify a possible cause of gynecomastia, to screen for possible breast cancer and to rule out other conditions. These may include: Blood tests Mammograms Computerized tomograp...

Oct 16th, 2021 - Diagnosis Besides examining your injury, your doctor might order the following X-ray. An X-ray of your joint is used to confirm the dislocation and may reveal broken bones or other damage to your joint. MRI. This can help your doctor assess damage to the soft tissue structures around a dislocated joint. More Information MRI X-ray Treatment Treatment of the dislocation depends on the site and se...

Oct 16th, 2021 - Overview Breast anatomy Open pop-up dialog box Close Breast anatomy Breast anatomy Each breast contains 15 to 20 lobes of glandular tissue, arranged like the petals of a daisy. The lobes are further divided into smaller lobules that produce milk for breastfeeding. Small tubes (ducts) conduct the milk to a reservoir that lies just beneath your nipple. Breast cancer is cancer that forms in the ce...

Oct 15th, 2021 - Head and neck cancer care at Mayo Clinic Why choose Mayo Clinic for head and neck cancers Mayo Clinic experts offer compassionate, comprehensive care to those with head and neck cancers, including those with: Skull base tumors Pituitary tumors Esthesioneuroblastoma Nasopharyngeal cancer Nasal cavity cancer Paranasal sinus cancer Floor of mouth cancer Lip cancer Mouth cancer Salivary gland cance...

Oct 12th, 2021 - Diagnosis Your doctor might be able to diagnose HPV infection by looking at your warts. If genital warts aren't visible, you'll need one or more of the following tests: Vinegar (acetic acid) solution test. A vinegar solution applied to HPV-infected genital areas turns them white. This may help in identifying difficult-to-see flat lesions. Pap test. Your doctor collects a sample of cells from yo...

Oct 12th, 2021 - Diagnosis Kidney biopsy Open pop-up dialog box Close Kidney biopsy Kidney biopsy During a kidney biopsy, your doctor uses a needle to remove a small sample of kidney tissue for lab testing. The biopsy needle is inserted through your skin and is often directed using the guidance of an imaging device, such as ultrasound. To diagnose end-stage renal disease, your health care provider may ask you a...

Oct 9th, 2021 - Overview Frostbite and dry skin Open pop-up dialog box Close Frostbite and dry skin Frostbite and dry skin Frostbite can cause cracked, dry, peeling skin as it heals. Frostbite on fingertip Open pop-up dialog box Close Frostbite on fingertip Frostbite on fingertip Superficial frostbite, as seen here on the tip of a finger, is most common on the fingers, toes, nose, ears, cheeks and chin. Frostb...

Oct 9th, 2021 - Overview Wrinkles Open pop-up dialog box Close Wrinkles Wrinkles Wrinkles, especially around the eyes, mouth and neck, are common with aging as the skin in these areas gets thinner, drier and less elastic. Wrinkles, a natural part of aging, are most prominent on sun-exposed skin, such as the face, neck, hands and forearms. Although genetics mainly determine skin structure and texture, sun expos...

Oct 9th, 2021 - Diagnosis Diagnosing frostbite is based on your signs and symptoms, skin appearance, and a review of recent activities in which you were exposed to cold. Your doctor may order X-rays, a bone scan or an MRI to help determine the severity of the frostbite and check for bone or muscle damage. Mayo Clinic Minute: Why the risk of frostbite is greater than you think Show transcript for video Mayo Cli...

Oct 9th, 2021 - Overview Frostbite and dry skin Open pop-up dialog box Close Frostbite and dry skin Frostbite and dry skin Frostbite can cause cracked, dry, peeling skin as it heals. Frostbite on fingertip Open pop-up dialog box Close Frostbite on fingertip Frostbite on fingertip Superficial frostbite, as seen here on the tip of a finger, is most common on the fingers, toes, nose, ears, cheeks and chin. Frostb...

Oct 5th, 2021 - Overview Gonorrhea is an infection caused by a sexually transmitted bacterium that infects both males and females. Gonorrhea most often affects the urethra, rectum or throat. In females, gonorrhea can also infect the cervix. Gonorrhea is most commonly spread during vaginal, oral or anal sex. But babies of infected mothers can be infected during childbirth. In babies, gonorrhea most commonly aff...

Oct 1st, 2021 - Diagnosis In order to assess any growths or changes in your skin, your doctor or a specialist in skin conditions (dermatologist) will conduct a medical history and exam. History and general exam Your doctor will conduct a general physical exam and ask you questions about your medical history, changes in your skin, or any other signs or symptoms you've experienced. Questions may include: When di...

Sep 30th, 2021 - Overview Achilles tendinitis is an overuse injury of the Achilles (uh-KILL-eez) tendon, the band of tissue that connects calf muscles at the back of the lower leg to your heel bone. Achilles tendinitis most commonly occurs in runners who have suddenly increased the intensity or duration of their runs. It's also common in middle-aged people who play sports, such as tennis or basketball, only on ...