Mar 16th, 2023 - Pancreatic beta cell dysfunction and activated macrophage infiltration are early features in type 1 diabetes pathogenesis. A tricarboxylic acid cycle metabolite that can strongly activate NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) in macrophages, itaconate is important in a series of inflammatory-associated diseases via anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. However, its role in type 1 diabetes is un...

Mar 16th, 2023 - Strategies to overcome toxicity and drug resistance caused by chemotherapeutic drugs for targeted therapy against hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are urgently needed. Previous studies revealed that high oxidored-nitro domain-containing protein 1(NOR1) expression in HCC was associated with cisplatin (DDP) resistance. Herein, a novel dual-targeting nanocarrier system AR-NADR was generated for the ...

Mar 16th, 2023 - Gut microbiota modulation has been demonstrated to be effective in protecting patients against detrimental effects of anti-cancer therapies, as well as to improve the efficacy of certain anti-cancer treatments. Among the most characterized probiotics, Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) is currently utilized in clinics to alleviate diarrhea, mucositis or intestinal damage which might be associated...

Mar 16th, 2023 - Doxorubicin (DOX), a commonly used anti-cancer drug, is limited by its cardiotoxicity and multidrug resistance (MDR) of tumor cells. Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), a natural antioxidant component, can effectively reduce the cardiotoxicity of DOX. Meanwhile, EGCG can inhibit the expression of P-glycoprotein (P-gp) and reverse the MDR of tumor cells. In this study, DOX is connected with low mol...

Mar 16th, 2023 - Mycobacterium tuberculosis causes a contagious pulmonary disease with a high mortality rate in developing countries. However, the recommendation of DOTS (approved by WHO) was effective in treating tuberculosis, but nowadays, resistance from the first line (MDR-TB) and the second line (XDR-TB) drugs is highly common. Whereas, the resistance is a result of factors like poor patient constancy due ...

Mar 16th, 2023 - Benign breast lesions are often associated with hard nodule formation after microwave ablation (MWA), which persists for a long time and causes problems in patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of decorin in the treatment of hard nodule formation and its potential mechanism of action. Using a Bama miniature pig model of mammary gland hyperplasia, immunohistochemistry, Mas...

Mar 16th, 2023 - Botrytis cinerea is listed among the most important fungal pathogens infecting strawberries. The use of biological control agents, such as Bacillus species, offers an alternative and effective way to reduce airborne pathogens. The aim of this research was to select the macrolactin R produced by Bacillus siamensis with potential for using as biological agents against the pathogenetic fungi (Botr...

Mar 16th, 2023 - All-trans retinoic acid and arsenic trioxide are the leading choices for the treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia. Notwithstanding the impressive differentiative properties of all-trans retinoic acid and the apoptotic properties of arsenic trioxide, some problems still occur in acute promyelocytic leukemia treatment. These problems are due to patients' relapses, mainly related to changes i...

Mar 16th, 2023 - Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a condition that may cause persistent pulmonary damage. The transformation of pericytes into myofibroblasts has been recognized as a key player during IPF progression. This study aimed to investigate the functions of lncRNA growth arrest-specific transcript 5 (GAS5) in myofibroblast transformation during IPF progression. We created a mouse model of pulmona...

Mar 16th, 2023 - Nanomedicine has been developed for cancer therapy over several decades, while rapid clearance from blood circulation by reticuloendothelial system (RES) severely limits nanomedicine antitumour efficacy. We design a series of nanogels with distinctive stiffness and investigate how nanogel mechanical properties could be leveraged to overcome RES. Stiff nanogels are injected preferentially to abr...

Mar 16th, 2023 - During apoptosis, mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization (MOMP) enables certain mitochondrial matrix macromolecules to escape into the cytosol. However, the fate of mitochondrial RNA (mtRNA) during apoptosis is unknown. Here, we demonstrate that MOMP results in the cytoplasmic release of mtRNA and that executioner caspases-3 and -7 (casp3/7) prevent cytoplasmic mtRNA from triggering infl...

Mar 16th, 2023 - Bushenhuoxue (BSHX) formula, a ten-compound herbal decoction, is widely used to treat postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMOP) in China. However, the mechanism is not clear yet. The underlying biological processes and signaling pathways were predicted by network pharmacology. In vivo experimental study, 24 female C57BL/6 J mice were randomly divided into sham, ovariectomized (OVX) and BSHX formula gr...

Mar 16th, 2023 - A new hemostatic sealant based on a N-hydroxy-succinimide polyoxazoline (NHS-POx) polymer was evaluated to determine hemostatic efficacy and long-term wound healing and adverse effects in a large animal model of parenchymal organ surgical bleeds. Experiment 1 included 20 pigs that were treated with two NHS-POx patch prototypes [a gelatin fibrous carrier (GFC) with NHS-POx and an oxidized regene...

Mar 16th, 2023 - RET, a single-pass receptor tyrosine kinase encoded on human chromosome 10, is well known to the field of developmental biology for its role in the ontogenesis of the central and enteric nervous systems and the kidney. In adults, RET alterations have been characterized as drivers of non-small cell lung cancer and multiple neuroendocrine neoplasms. In breast cancer, RET signaling networks have b...

Mar 16th, 2023 - Fallopian tube epithelial cells (FTEC) are thought to be the cell of origin of high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma. FTEC organoids can be used as research models for the disease. Nevertheless, culturing organoids requires a medium supplemented with several expensive growth factors. We proposed that a combined conditioned medium based on the composition of the fallopian tubes, including epitheli...

Mar 16th, 2023 - Nuclear receptor subfamily 3 group C member 2 (NR3C2) has been revealed to affect the progression of multiple inflammatory diseases, while NR3C2's efficacy in coronary artery disease (CAD) remains largely unsolved. The study intended to elucidate the possible mechanisms of NR3C2 in oxidised low density lipoprotein (ox-LDL)-induced inflammation in human coronary endothelial cells (HCAECs) via re...

Mar 16th, 2023 - Pathogens and inflammatory conditions rapidly induce the expression of immune-responsive gene 1 (IRG1) in cells of myeloid lineage. IRG1 encodes an aconitate decarboxylase (ACOD1) that produces the immunomodulatory metabolite itaconate (ITA). In addition to rapid intracellular accumulation, ITA is also secreted from the cell, but whether secreted ITA functions as a signaling molecule is unclear...

Mar 15th, 2023 - Methylene blue (MB) has been tested as a rescue therapy for patients with refractory septic shock. However, there is a lack of evidence on MB as an adjuvant therapy, its' optimal timing, dosing and safety profile. We aimed to assess whether early adjunctive MB can reduce time to vasopressor discontinuation in patients with septic shock. In this single-center randomized controlled trial, we assi...

Mar 15th, 2023 - Alterations in the renin-angiotensin system have been implicated in the pathophysiology of septic shock. In particular, angiotensin 1-7 (Ang-(1-7)), an anti-inflammatory heptapeptide, has been hypothesized to have beneficial effects. The aim of the present study was to test the effects of Ang-(1-7) infusion on the development and severity of septic shock. This randomized, open-label, controlled...

Mar 15th, 2023 - Drug-resistant microbes pose a global health concern, requiring the urgent development of effective antibacterial agents and strategies in clinical practice. Therefore, there is an urgent need to explore novel antibacterial materials to effectively eliminate bacteria. The synthesis of quaternary phosphonium salt in haloargentate systems, wherein the phosphorus atom is represented in a cationic ...